DIVINE
KNOWLEDGE/SPIRITUAL WISDOM/ਗਿਆਨੁ
ABSTRACT
ਜਿਨ੍ਹ੍ਹਾ
ਨ ਵਿਸਰੈ ਨਾਮੁ ਸੇ ਕਿਨੇਹਿਆ ॥
ਭੇਦੁ
ਨ ਜਾਣਹੁ ਮੂਲਿ ਸਾਂਈ ਜੇਹਿਆ ॥
ਮਨੁ
ਤਨੁ ਹੋਇ ਨਿਹਾਲੁ ਤੁਮ੍ਹ੍ਹ ਸੰਗਿ ਭੇਟਿਆ ॥
ਸੁਖੁ
ਪਾਇਆ ਜਨ ਪਰਸਾਦਿ ਦੁਖੁ ਸਭੁ ਮੇਟਿਆ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
Jinĥā
na visrai nām sė kinėhi¬ā. Bẖėḏ na jāṇhu mūl sāʼn¬ī jėhi¬ā. Man ṯan ho▫e nihāl ṯumĥ sang bẖeti▫ā.Sukẖ pā▫i▫ā
jan parsāḏ ḏukẖ sabẖ meti▫ā. rahā▫o.
-----------------------------------------------------
God is completely beyond mortal abilities of comparison and conception, and so we can have only partial knowledge about God. We may know Its Attributes and Names but Its essence may escape us. One can study God’s acts and meditate on Its attributes. They help -- still it is not easy. Guru Nanak in Raag Asa says that the divine knowledge does not come by mere talk:
ਗਿਆਨੁ ਨ ਗਲੀਈ ਢੂਢੀਐ ਕਥਨਾ ਕਰੜਾ ਸਾਰੁ॥
ਕਰਮਿ ਮਿਲੈ ਤਾ ਪਾਈਐ ਹੋਰ ਹਿਕਮਤਿ ਹੁਕਮੁ ਖੁਆਰੁ ॥
Giaan
Na Galee-ee Dhoodhai Kathna Karrhaa Saar, Karam Milai
Taa Paa-ee-ai Hor Hikmat Hukam Khu-aar.
Wisdom cannot be found through mere words. To explain It is as hard as iron. When God bestows Its Grace, then alone it is received;
other tricks and orders are useless.-----Guru Nanak, Raag Asa, AGGS,
Page, 465-1Divine Knowledge and Will are two essential Attributes of Divine Being:
ਗਿਆਨੁ ਧਿਆਨੁ ਸਚੁ ਗਹਿਰ ਗੰਭੀਰਾ ॥
ਕੋਇ ਨ ਜਾਣੈ ਤੇਰਾ ਚੀਰਾ ॥
Giaan
Dhiaan Such Gehar Ganbheera, Koey Na Janai Tayra Cheeraa.
Divine Knowledge provides the clothing for the material existence of creatures and things (Maya) according to the Divine Will, within the bounds of time and space. Transfer of Knowledge also occurs by the blessing of God’s Will otherwise one wanders in ignorance aimlessly says Nanak:
ਗਿਆਨ ਵਿਹੂਣੀ ਭਵੈ ਸਬਾਈ ॥
ਸਾਚ ਰਵਿ ਰਹਿਆ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਈ॥
Giaan
Vihoonee Bhvai Sabaa-ee, Saachaa Rav Rahiaa Liv Layee.
As described in the following hymns of Guru Nanak in Raag Asa, Guru Arjun & Bhagat Kabir in Raag Kedara, active participation is required seeking Divine Knowledge:
ਸਗਲੀ ਧਰਤੀ ਮਾਲੁ ਧਨੁ ਵਰਤਣਿ ਸਰਬ ਜੰਜਾਲ ॥
ਨਾਨਕ ਮੁਸੈ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਿਹੂਣੀ ਖਾਇ ਗਇਆ ਜਮਕਾਲੁ ॥
Saglee Dhartee Maal Dhan Vartan Sarab Janjaal, Nanak Musai Giaan Vihoonee Khaay Gaiaa Jamkaal.
Saglee Dhartee Maal Dhan Vartan Sarab Janjaal, Nanak Musai Giaan Vihoonee Khaay Gaiaa Jamkaal.
ਗਿਆਨ ਹੀਣੰ ਅਗਿਆਨ ਪੂਜਾ॥
ਔਧ ਵਰਤਾਵਾ ਭਾਉ ਦੂਜਾ ॥
Giaan HeeNan Agiaan Poojaa, Andh Vartaavaa Bhaou Doojaa.
The wise seers and perfect masters come to see the Divine Light, the elemental or metaphysical form of God. Their knowledge occurs in an instant. They immediately and directly experience divine light. They hear the holy name, inner unstrung music, and taste the holy nectar. This knowledge is present in all as Higher self-veiled by lowers self, which has to be removed by an active effort of the individual to be blessed by becoming a candidate for it. Further to attain such Divine Knowledge one needs the help of a Guru, says Nanak in Raag Asa:
ਕੁੰਭੇ ਬਧਾ ਜਲ ਰਹੈ ਜਲ ਬਿਨੁ ਕੁੰਭ ਨ ਹੈਇ ॥
ਗਿਆਨ ਕਾ ਬਧਾ ਮਨੁ ਰਹੈ ਬਿਨੁ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਨ ਹੋਇ ॥
Kunbhay
Badha Jal Rahay Jal Bin Kunbh Na Hoay, Giaan Ka Badhaa Man Rahai
Gur Bin Giaan Na Hoay.
ਹਉਮੈ ਮਮਤਾ ਜਲਿ ਬਲਉ ਲੋਭੁ ਜਲਉ ਅਭਿਮਾਨੁ ॥
ਨਾਨਕ ਸਬਦੁ ਵੀਚਾਰੀਐਪਾਈਐ ਗੁਣੀ ਨਿਧਾਨੁ॥
Houmai
Mamta Jal Balou Loabh Jalou Abhiman,
Nanak Shabad Vichaariai Paaeeai
GuNee Nidhaan.
ਸੋ ਗਿਆਨੀ ਜਿਨਿ ਸਬਦਿ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਈ॥
ਮਨਮੁਖਿ ਹਉਮੈ ਪਤਿ ਗਵਾਈ ॥
So Giani Jin Sabad Liv Laa-ee, Manmukh Houmai Pat Gavaa-ee.
ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਧੂ ਸੰਗਿ ਜਾਗੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਰੰਗ॥
ਵਡਭਾਗੇ ਕਿਰਪਾ ॥
Nanak Sadhoo Sang Jaagay Giaan Rang, Vadbhaagay Kirpa.
Nanak Sadhoo Sang Jaagay Giaan Rang, Vadbhaagay Kirpa.
ਮਾਈ ਗੁਰ ਬਿਨੁ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਨ ਪਾਇਐ॥
ਅਨਿਕ ਪ੍ਕਾਰ ਫਿਰਤ ਮਿਲਤ ਨਹੀ ਗੋਸਾਈਆ॥
Maa-ee Gur Bin Giaan Na Paaeeai, Anek Parkaar Firat Billaatay Milat Nhee Gosaa-eeai.
Guru Arjun in Raag Gauri emphasizes the idea that spiritual wisdom cannot be gained by mere talk or by merely listening to divine stories.
ਙੰਙਾ ਙਿਆਨੁ ਨਹੀ ਮੁਖ ਬਾਤਉ ॥
ਅਨਿਕ ਜੁਗਤਿ ਸਾਸਤ੍ ਕਰਿ ਭਾਤਉ ॥
ਙਿਆਨੀ ਜਾ ਕੈ ਦਿ੍ੜ ਸੋਉ ॥
ਕਹਤ ਸੁਨਤ ਕਛੁ ਜੋਗੁ ਨ ਹੋਊ ॥
Nganga
Ngiaan Mukh Batou, Anek Jugat Saaster Kar Bhatou, Ngianee
Soey Ja Kai Dirrh Souoo, Kehat Sunat Kuch Joag Na Houoo
.
NGANGA, Spiritual wisdom is not obtained by mere words of mouth. It is not
obtained through the various debates about the Shaastras and scriptures. They
alone are spiritually wise, whose minds are firmly fixed on God. Hearing and
telling stories, no one attains Yoga.-----Guru Arjun, Raag Gauri, AGGS, Page,
251
ਸਾਧਿਕ ਸਿਧ ਲਖੈ ਜਉ ਭੇਉ ॥
ਆਪੇ ਕਰਤਾ ਆਪੇ ਦੇਉ ॥
Sāḏẖik siḏẖ lakẖai jao bẖėo, Āpė karṯā āpė ḏėo.
Sāḏẖik siḏẖ lakẖai jao bẖėo, Āpė karṯā āpė ḏėo.
ਤੇਰਾ ਜਨੁ ਏਕੁ ਆਧੁ ਕੋਈ ॥
ਕਾਮ ਕੋ੍ਧ ਲੋਭ ਬਿਬਰਜਿਤ ਹਰਿ ਪਦੁ ਚੀਨੈ ਸੋਈ ॥
ਰਜ ਗੁਣ ਤਮ ਗੁਣ ਸਤ ਗੁਣ ਕਹੀਐ ਇਹ ਸਭ ਮਾਇਆ ॥
ਚਉਥੇ ਪਦ ਕਉ ਜੋ ਨਰ ਚੀਨੈ੍ ਤਿਨ੍ ਹੀ ਪਰਮ ਪਦੁ ਪਾਇਆ ॥
tayraa jan ayk aaDh ko-ee,Kaam Krodh Lobh Moh Biberjit Har Pad
Cheenai Soyee, “Raj Goun Tam Goun Sat Goun Kaheyai Eh
Teri Sabh Maya, “Chauthay Pad Kaou Jo Nar Cheenai Tin He Param Pad Paaeya.
Rare is the one who is truly a humble
servant of God. By overcoming sexual desire, anger, greed and attachment,
such a person becomes aware of God's Feet. He learns about Rajas,
the quality of energy and activity; Tamas, the quality of
darkness and inertia; and Sattva, the quality of purity and
light. These are all manifestations of Maya, and an illusion. He
alone, who reaches the fourth state of spiritual development, obtains the
supreme state of Divine Knowledge.-----Kabir, Raag Kedara, AGGS, Page,
1123 Divine Knowledge is an awareness and understanding of the eternal truths. It can be learned through the teachings incorporated in the Sabd Guru. The purpose of Divine knowledge is to purify our inner selves. This purification is the result of subjugating five lower instincts and developing godly virtues, otherwise an individual will only understand according to his meager intellect says Kabir;
ਜਾ ਕੈ ਜੀਅ ਜੈਸੀ ਬੁਧਿ ਹੋਈ ॥
ਕਹਿ ਕਬੀਰ ਜਾਨੈਗਾ ਸੋਈ ॥
Jā kai jīa jaisī buḏẖ hoī, Kahi Kabīr jānaigā soī.
Jā kai jīa jaisī buḏẖ hoī, Kahi Kabīr jānaigā soī.
ਇਹੁ ਮਨੁ ਲੇ ਜਉ ਉਨਮਨਿ ਰਹੈ ॥
ਤਉ ਤੀਨਿ ਲੋਕ ਕੀ ਬਾਤੈ ਕਹੈ ॥
Ayh
Man Lay Jaou Unman Rahay, Taou Teen Lok Ki Baatay Kahay.
When this mind is channeled, and guided through enlightenment, it can grasp
the secrets of the three worlds.-----Kabir, Gauri Poorbi, AGGS, Page, 342-5
ਸਾਸੁ ਕੀ ਦੁਖੀ ਸਸੁਰ ਕੀ ਪਿਆਰੀ ਜੇਠ ਕੇ ਨਾਮਿ ਡਰਉ ਰੇ ॥
ਸਖੀ ਸਹੇਲੀ ਨਨਦ ਗਹੇਲੀ ਦੇਵਰ ਕੈ ਬਿਰਹਿ ਜਰਉ ਰੇ॥
Saas Kee Dukhee Sasur Kee Pi-aaree Jayth Kay Naam Dara-o Ray, Sakhee Sahaylee Nanad Gahaylee Dayvar Kai Bireh Jarao Ray.
It is only after we see divine light within our inner-self that self-transformation and holistic well-being become reality,” says Kabir in Raag Parbhati.
ਤਤੁ ਤੇਲੁ ਨਾਮੁ ਕੀਆ ਬਾਤੀ ਦੀਪਕੁ ਦੇਹ ਉਜ੍ਹਾਰਾ ॥
ਜੋਤਿ ਲਾਇ ਜਗਦੀਸ ਜਗਾਇਆ ਬੂਝੈ ਬਝਨਹਾਰਾ ॥
Tat Tail Naam Kee-aa Baati Deepak Dayh Oujhaaraa, Jot La-ay
Jagdees Jagaa-e-aa Boojhai Boojhanhara.
Bhai Gurdas says that Guru oriented attains divine knowledge through Sabd in his Vaar:
ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਗਿਆਨੀ ਬਾਣੀਐ ।
ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਪੂਰਣ ਮਤਿ ਸਬਦਿ ਨੀਸਾਣੀਐ ।
Gurmukh Breham Giaan Giaanee Baanee-ai, Gurmukh PooraN Mat Sabd
NeesaaNee-ai.
Divine Knowledge alone removes ignorance. Once ignorance is dispelled human mind becomes pure. When all traces of ego (ਹਉਮੈ) are gone, the mind gets illuminated with Spiritual Wisdom. Upon attaining this state of direct Vision as Guru oriented one rids of any misapprehension, uncertainty, and doubt of the Self as well as that of Reality not to arise again. One experiences his self-less true Higher Self. Unreality vanishes; only the One Pure, unseen All-pervading Consciousness is seen in all says Guru Nanak:
ਤੂੰ ਸਭਨਾ ਮਾਹਿ ਸਮਾਇਆ ॥
ਤਿਨਿ ਕਰਤੈ ਆਪੁ ਲੁਕਾਇਆ ॥
ਨਾਨਕ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਪਰਗਟੁ ਹੋਇਆ ਜਾ ਕਉ ਜੋਤਿ ਧਰੀ ਕਰਤਾਰਿ ਜੀਉ ॥
Ŧūʼn sabẖnā māhi samāiā. Ŧin karṯai āp lukāiā. Nānak gurmukẖ pargat hoiā jā kao joṯ ḏẖarī karṯār jīo.
ਤਿਨਿ ਕਰਤੈ ਆਪੁ ਲੁਕਾਇਆ ॥
ਨਾਨਕ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਪਰਗਟੁ ਹੋਇਆ ਜਾ ਕਉ ਜੋਤਿ ਧਰੀ ਕਰਤਾਰਿ ਜੀਉ ॥
Ŧūʼn sabẖnā māhi samāiā. Ŧin karṯai āp lukāiā. Nānak gurmukẖ pargat hoiā jā kao joṯ ḏẖarī karṯār jīo.
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