AGGS
AND MYTHOLOGY
ABSTRACT
Many readers of AGGS are perplexed
as to whether references to Hindu mythology is a fact/reality versus
metaphorical? Sikh Gurus tried their best to get the rabble away from ritualism
and old Hindu Mythology with references. There are thousands of examples in
Sabd Guru where mythological names used by Byasa/Vyasa the supposed writer of
Vedas continued by oral tradition by putting these in black and white and
writing Mahabharata, Ramayana (By sage Valmiki), and other fictitious novels which
later became the foundation of the Hindu religion. Sikh Gurus could not
achieve their perspective by neutralizing the centuries-old beliefs. Here are a few examples.
Q. Is the
Hindu trinity of gods a fact or metaphoric reference?
ਏਕਾ ਮਾਈ ਜੁਗਤਿ ਵਿਆਈ ਤਿਨਿ ਚੇਲੇ
ਪਰਵਾਣੁ ॥
ਇਕੁ ਸੰਸਾਰੀ ਇਕੁ ਭੰਡਾਰੀ ਇਕੁ ਲਾਏ
ਦੀਬਾਣੁ ॥
Ėkā
māī jugaṯ viāī ṯin cẖėlė parvāṇ.Ik sansārī ik bẖandārī ik lāė ḏībāṇ.
The One Primal Mother (Maya) by
union with the Eternal gave birth to the three regents. First, be the Creator
(Brahma), and the second Preserver (Vishnu); and the third, the Destroyer
(Shiva). -----Guru Nanak, Japji, AGGS, Page, 7-2
---------------------------------------------------------
Chronological references from Sabd
guru:
ਤ੍ਰਿਤੀਆ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨੁ ਮਹੇਸਾ ॥
ਦੇਵੀ ਦੇਵ ਉਪਾਏ ਵੇਸਾ ॥
Ŧariṯīā
barahmā bisan mahėsā. Ḏėvī ḏėv upāė vėsā.
On the 3rd Lunar Day, God created
Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva, the gods, goddesses and various manifestations of the
lights and forms, which cannot be counted.-----Guru Nanak, Raag Bilawal, AGGS,
Page, 839-2, 3
ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨੁ ਮਹੇਸੁ ਉਪਾਏ ਮਾਇਆ
ਮੋਹੁ ਵਧਾਇਦਾ ॥
Barahmā
bisan mahės upāė māiā moh vaḏẖāiḏā.
God created Brahma, Vishnu and
Shiva; and fostered enticement and attachment to Maya. -----Guru Nanak, Raag
Maru, AGGS, Page, 1036-7
ਸੁੰਨਹੁ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨੁ ਮਹੇਸੁ ਉਪਾਏ ॥
Sunnahu
barahmā bisan mahės upāė.
From the Primal Void, Brahma, Vishnu
and Shiva issued forth. -----Guru Nanak, Raag Maru, AGGS, Page, 1037-12
ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬਿਸਨੁ ਮਹੇਸੁ ਦੇਵ ਉਪਾਇਆ ॥
ਬ੍ਰਹਮੇ ਦਿਤੇ ਬੇਦ ਪੂਜਾ ਲਾਇਆ ॥
Barahmā
bisan mahės ḏėv upāiā. Barahmė ḏiṯė bėḏ pūjā lāiā.
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, and the
deities were created. Brahma was given the Vedas and commanded to worship God.
-----Guru Nanak, Raag Malar, AGGS, Page, 1279-17
ਗਾਵਹਿ ਈਸਰੁ ਬਰਮਾ ਦੇਵੀ ਸੋਹਨਿ ਸਦਾ
ਸਵਾਰੇ ॥
Gāvahi
īsar barmā ḏėvī sohan saḏā savārė.
Shiva, Brahma, and the Goddess of
Beauty, ever adorned, to sing God’s praises. -----Guru Nanak, Japji, AGGS,
Page, 6-7
Q. Did mythological Krishna
incarnated as God against Sikh belief that God cannot be anthropomorphized?
ਰੋਵਹਿ ਪਾਂਡਵ ਭਏ ਮਜੂਰ ॥
ਜਿਨ ਕੈ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਰਹਤ ਹਦੂਰਿ ॥
Rovėh
pāʼndav bẖa▫e majūr. Jin kai su▫āmī rahaṯ haḏūr.
The Pandavas were made
slaves, and wept, but they once lived in the Presence of God. -----Guru
Nanak, Raag Ramkali, AGGS, Page, 954-2
ਭਾਈ ਰੇ ਗੁਰ ਬਿਨੁ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਨ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਪੂਛਹੁ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੇ ਨਾਰਦੈ ਬੇਦ ਬਿਆਸੈ ਕੋਇ
॥
Bẖāī
rė gur bin giān na hoė. Pūcẖẖahu barahmė nārḏai bėḏ biāsai koė.
O Siblings of Destiny, without the
Guru, there is no spiritual wisdom. Go and ask Brahma, Naarad and Vyas, the
writer of the Vedas. -----Guru Nanak, Siri Raag, AGGS, Page, 59- 7, 8
Q. Is Brahma’s birth from Vishnu’s
navel (ਨਾਭਿ),
a fact or metaphor?
ਨਾਭਿ ਕਮਲ ਤੇ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਉਪਜੇ ਬੇਦ ਪੜਹਿ
ਮੁਖਿ ਕੰਠਿ ਸਵਾਰਿ ॥
ਤਾ ਕੋ ਅੰਤੁ ਨ ਜਾਈ ਲਖਣਾ ਆਵਤ ਜਾਤ
ਰਹੈ ਗੁਬਾਰਿ ॥
Nābẖ
kamal ṯė barahmā upjė bėḏ paṛeh mukẖ kanṯẖ savār.Ŧā ko anṯ na jāī lakẖṇā āvaṯ
jāṯ rahai gubār.
From the lotus of Vishnu's navel,
Brahma was born; He chanted the Vedas with a melodious voice. He could not find God's limits, and he remained in the darkness of coming and going.
-----Guru Nanak, Raag Gujri, AGGS, Page, 489-8
ਨਾਭਿ ਵਸਤ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੈ ਅੰਤੁ ਨ ਜਾਣਿਆ ॥
ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਨਾਨਕ ਨਾਮੁ ਪਛਾਣਿਆ ॥
Nābẖ
vasaṯ barahmai anṯ na jāṇiā.Gurmukẖ Nānak nām pacẖẖāṇiā.
Brahma, in the lotus of the navel,
does not know the limits of God. The Guru oriented, O Nanak, realizes the Naam.
-----Guru Nanak, Raag Sarang, AGGS, Page, 1237-1
Sabd Guru describes four ways of
reproduction Andaj/ਅੰਡਜ (Egg),
Jeraj/ਜੇਰਜ (Placenta),
and Outbhuj/ਉਤਭੁਜ (Earth),
Setaj/ਸੇਤਜ (Perspiration).
ਅੰਡਜ ਜੇਰਜ ਉਤਭੁਜਾਂ ਖਾਣੀ ਸੇਤਜਾਂਹ ॥
Andaj
jėraj uṯbẖujāʼn kẖāṇī sėṯjāʼnh.
The four sources of creation; born
of eggs, born of the womb, placenta, born of the earth and born of
sweat.-----Guru Nanak, Raag Asa, AGGS, Page, 467-4
ਅੰਡਜ ਜੇਰਜ ਉਤਭੁਜ ਸੇਤਜ ਤੇਰੇ ਕੀਤੇ
ਜੰਤਾ ॥
Andaj
jėraj uṯbẖuj sėṯaj ṯėrė kīṯė janṯā.
The beings born of eggs, born of the
womb, born of the earth and born of sweat, all are created by You.-----Guru
Nanak, Raag Sorath, AGGS, Page, 596-15
Human conception occurs by the union
of female ovum and male sperm as evident from the following hymns:
ਮਾਤ ਪਿਤਾ ਸੰਜੋਗਿ ਉਪਾਏ ਰਕਤੁ ਬਿੰਦੁ
ਮਿਲਿ ਪਿੰਡੁ ਕਰੇ ॥
ਅੰਤਰਿ ਗਰਭ ਉਰਧਿ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਗੀ ਸੋ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ
ਸਾਰੇ ਦਾਤਿ ਕਰੇ ॥
Māṯ
piṯā sanjog upāė rakaṯ binḏ mil pind karė. Anṯar garabẖ uraḏẖ liv lāgī so
parabẖ sārė ḏāṯ karė.
Through the union of mother and
father, the fetus is formed. The egg and sperm join together to make the body.
Upside down within the womb, it lovingly dwells in God, Which provides for it,
and gives it nourishment there. -----Guru Nanak, Raag Maru, AGGS, Page,
1013-16
ਮਾ ਕੀ ਰਕਤੁ ਪਿਤਾ ਬਿਦੁ ਧਾਰਾ ॥
ਮੂਰਤਿ ਸੂਰਤਿ ਕਰਿ ਆਪਾਰਾ ॥
Mā
kī rakaṯ piṯā biḏ ḏẖārā. Mūraṯ sūraṯ kar āpārā.
From the union of the mother's egg
and the father's sperm, the body of infinite beauty has been created. -----Guru
Nanak, Raag Maru, AGGS, Page, 1022-14
ਬਿੰਦੁ ਰਕਤੁ ਮਿਲਿ ਪਿੰਡੁ ਸਰੀਆ ॥
ਪਉਣੁ ਪਾਣੀ ਅਗਨੀ ਮਿਲਿ ਜੀਆ ॥
ਆਪੇ ਚੋਜ ਕਰੇ ਰੰਗ ਮਹਲੀ ਹੋਰ ਮਾਇਆ
ਮੋਹ ਪਸਾਰਾ ਹੇ ॥
Binḏ
rakaṯ mil pind sarīā. Pauṇ pāṇī agnī mil jīā Āpė cẖoj karė rang mahlī hor māiā
moh pasārā hė.
From the union of the sperm and the
egg, the body was formed. From the union of air, water, and fire, the living
being is made. God Itself plays joyfully in the mansion of the body, all the
rest is just attachment to Maya's expanse. -----Guru Nanak, Raag Maru, AGGS,
Page, 1026-18
There are references in Sabd Guru that clearly condemn Lust and Infidelity. How come Krishna seduced Gopi Chandravali,
king of gods Indra seduced Ahalya wife of sage Gautama and was punished by
developing thousands of images of vulva/vagina on his body and Brahma’s fifth head
was cut off by Shiva being infatuated by the beauty of his daughter Savitri? Is
it proper for the deities to indulge in these indiscretions of character?
ਜੁਜ ਮਹਿ ਜੋਰਿ ਛਲੀ ਚੰਦ੍ਰਾਵਲਿ
ਕਾਨ੍ਹ੍ਹ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਨੁ ਜਾਦਮੁ ਭਇਆ ॥
ਪਾਰਜਾਤੁ ਗੋਪੀ ਲੈ ਆਇਆ ਬਿੰਦ੍ਰਾਬਨ ਮਹਿ
ਰੰਗੁ ਕੀਆ ॥
Juj
meh jor cẖẖalī cẖanḏrāval kānĥ krisan jāḏam bẖaiā. Pārjāṯ gopī lai āiā
binḏrāban meh rang kiā.
In the Jujar Veda, Kaan Krishna of
the Yaadvas tribe seduced Chandravali by force. He brought the Elysian Tree for
his milk-maid, and reveled in Brindaaban. -----Guru Nanak, Raag Asa, AGGS,
Page, 470-6
ਗੋਤਮੁ ਤਪਾ ਅਹਿਲਿਆ ਇਸਤ੍ਰੀ ਤਿਸੁ
ਦੇਖਿ ਇੰਦ੍ਰੁ ਲੁਭਾਇਆ॥
ਸਹਸ ਸਰੀਰ ਚਿਹਨ ਭਗ ਹੂਏ ਤਾਮਨਿ
ਪਛੋਤਾਇਆ ॥
Goṯam
ṯapā ahiliā isṯarī ṯis ḏėkẖ inḏar lubẖāiā.Sahas sarīr cẖihan bẖag hūė ṯā
man pacẖẖoṯāiā.
Ahalya was the wife of Gautama, the
seer. Seeing her, Indra was enticed. When he received a thousand marks of
disgrace, female organs, on his body, he felt regret in his mind.-----Guru
Nanak, Raag Parbhati Dakhni, AGGS, Page, 1343-1344-1
Q. How was the author of Mahabharata
and Veda – Vyasa or Vyas's mother – was born out of a fish that became pregnant
by swallowing the semen of a sage?
ਬ੍ਰਹਮ ਕਮਲ ਪੁਤੁ ਮੀਨ ਬਿਆਸਾ ਤਪੁ
ਤਾਪਨ ਪੂਜ ਕਰਾਵੈਗੋ ॥
ਜੋ ਜੋ ਭਗਤੁ ਹੋਇ ਸੋ ਪੂਜਹੁ ਭਰਮਨ
ਭਰਮੁ ਚੁਕਾਵੈਗੋ ॥
Barahm
kamal puṯ mīn biāsā ṯap ṯāpan pūj karāvaigo.Jo jo bẖagaṯ hoė so pūjahu
bẖarman bẖaram cẖukāvaigo.
Brahma, the son of the lotus, and
Vyas, the son of the fish, practiced austere penance and were worshipped.
Whoever is a devotee, worship, and adore him. Get rid of your doubts and
superstitions. -----Guru Amar Das, Raag Kanrha, AGGS, Page, 1309-7
Guru Ram Das gives an example of the
deer and musk that ignorant individuals could not differentiate between reality
and metaphor:
ਜੋ ਨਰ ਭਰਮਿ ਭਰਮਿ ਉਦਿਆਨੇ ਤੇ ਸਾਕਤ
ਮੂੜ ਮੁਹੇ॥
ਜਿਉ ਮ੍ਰਿਗ ਨਾਭਿ ਬਸੈ ਬਾਸੁ ਬਸਨਾ
ਭ੍ਰਮਿ ਭ੍ਰਮਿਓ ਝਾਰ ਗਹੇ॥
Jo
nar bẖaram bẖaram uḏiānė ṯė sākaṯ mūṛ muhė.Jio marig nābẖ basai bās basnā
bẖaram bẖarmio jẖār gahė.
Those beings who wander in the wilderness of doubt - those materialistic are foolish, and are plundered. They
are like the deer: the scent of musk comes from its own navel, but it wanders
and roams around, searching for it in the bushes. -----Guru Ram Das, Raag
Parbhati, AGGS, Page, 1336-11
Kamdheyn (Surabhi) and Elysian tree
are the names of the wish-fulfilling cow and Parijata tree; they rose from the milk
ocean when it was churned by making a rope of snake Vasuki and Sumayr Mountain
according to mythology with thirteen other precious things. Four blessings are
prosperity, goodness, success, and salvation.
ਇਛਾ ਪੂਰਕੁ ਸਰਬ ਸੁਖਦਾਤਾ ਹਰਿ ਜਾ ਕੈ
ਵਸਿ ਹੈ ਕਾਮਧੇਨਾ ॥
ਸੋ ਐਸਾ ਹਰਿ ਧਿਆਈਐ ਮੇਰੇ ਜੀਅੜੇ ਤਾ
ਸਰਬ ਸੁਖ ਪਾਵਹਿ ਮੇਰੇ ਮਨਾ ॥੧॥
Icẖẖā
pūrak sarab sukẖ¬ḏāṯa har jā kai vas hai kāmḏẖėnā. So aisā har ḏẖi▫ā▫ī▫ai mere jī▫aṛe ṯā sarab sukẖ pāvahi
mere manā.
The God is the Fulfiller of desires,
the Giver of total peace; the Kamdheyn, the wish-fulfilling cow, is in Its
power. So meditate on God, O my conscience. Then, you shall obtain total peace,
O my mind. -----Guru Amar Das, Raag Dhanasari, AGGS, Page, 669-19
ਚਾਰਿ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਜੇ ਕੋ ਮਾਗੈ ॥
ਸਾਧ ਜਨਾ ਕੀ ਸੇਵਾ ਲਾਗੈ ॥
Cẖār
paḏārath je ko māgai. Sāḏẖ janā kī sevā lāgai.
One who prays for the four cardinal
blessings (prosperity, goodness, success, and salvation) should commit himself
to the service of the Saints. -----Guru Arjun, Raag Gauri Sukhmani, AGGS, Page,
266-4
ਪਾਰਜਾਤੁ ਇਹੁ ਹਰਿ ਕੋ ਨਾਮ ॥
ਕਾਮਧੇਨ ਹਰਿ ਹਰਿ ਗੁਣ ਗਾਮ ॥
Pārjāṯ
ih har ko nām. Kāmḏẖėn har har guṇ gām.
This Elysian Tree of miraculous
powers is the Name of God and the Kamdheyn, the cow of miraculous powers,
is the singing of the Glory of the Eternal God. -----Guru Arjun, Gauri
Sukhmani, AGGS, Page, 265-5
ਪਾਰਜਾਤੁ ਲੋੜਹਿ ਮਨ ਪਿਆਰੇ॥
ਕਾਮਧੇਨੁ ਸੋਹੀ ਦਰਬਾਰੇ ॥
ਤ੍ਰਿਪਤਿ ਸੰਤੋਖੁ ਸੇਵਾ ਗੁਰ ਪੂਰੇ
ਨਾਮੁ ਕਮਾਇ ਰਸਾਇਣਾ ॥
Pārjāṯ
loṛeh man pi¬ārė.Kāmḏẖėn sohī ḏarbārė. Ŧaripaṯ sanṯokẖ sėvā gur pūrė nām kamā¬ė
rasā¬iṇā.
O my beloved mind, if you wish for
the 'tree of life'; if you wish for Kamdheyn, the wish-fulfilling cow to adorn
your court; if you wish to be satisfied and contented, then serve the Perfect
Guru, and practice the Naam, the source of nectar.-----Guru Arjun, Raag Maru,
AGGS, Page, 1078-4
Bhagat Kabir Clarifies in Raag
Gauri:
ਲਖ ਚਉਰਾਸੀਹ ਜੀਅ ਜੋਨਿ ਮਹਿ ਭ੍ਰਮਤ
ਨੰਦੁ ਬਹੁ ਥਾਕੋ ਰੇ ॥
ਭਗਤਿ ਹੇਤਿ ਅਵਤਾਰੁ ਲੀਓ ਹੈ ਭਾਗੁ ਬਡੋ
ਬਪੁਰਾ ਕੋ ਰੇ ॥੧॥
ਤੁਮ੍ਹ੍ਹ ਜੁ ਕਹਤ ਹਉ ਨੰਦ ਕੋ ਨੰਦਨੁ
ਨੰਦ ਸੁ ਨੰਦਨੁ ਕਾ ਕੋ ਰੇ ॥
ਧਰਨਿ ਅਕਾਸੁ ਦਸੋ ਦਿਸ ਨਾਹੀ ਤਬ ਇਹੁ
ਨੰਦੁ ਕਹਾ ਥੋ ਰੇ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
ਸੰਕਟਿ ਨਹੀ ਪਰੈ ਜੋਨਿ ਨਹੀ ਆਵੈ ਨਾਮੁ
ਨਿਰੰਜਨ ਜਾ ਕੋ ਰੇ ॥
ਕਬੀਰ ਕੋ ਸੁਆਮੀ ਐਸੋ ਠਾਕੁਰੁ ਜਾ ਕੈ
ਮਾਈ ਨ ਬਾਪੋ ਰੇ ॥੨॥੧੯॥੭੦॥
Lakẖ
cẖa▫orāsīh jī▫a jon mėh bẖarmaṯ nanḏ baho thāko re. Bẖagaṯ heṯ avṯār lī▫o hai
bẖāg bado bapurā ko re. Ŧumĥ jo kahaṯ ha▫o nanḏ ko nanḏan nanḏ so nanḏan
kā ko re. Ḏẖaran akās ḏaso ḏis nāhī ṯab ih nanḏ kahā tho re. rahā▫o.
Sankat nahī parai jon nahī āvai nām niranjan jā ko re. Kabīr ko su▫āmī aiso
ṯẖākur jā kai mā▫ī na bāpo re.
Wandering through 8.4 million incarnations,
Krishna's father Nand was totally exhausted. Because of his devotion, Krishna
was incarnated in his home; how great was the good fortune of this poor man! You say that Krishna was Nand's son, but whose son was Nand himself? When
there was no earth or ether or the ten directions, where was this Nand then? Pause. God does not fall into misfortune, and God does not take birth;
Its Name is Immaculate. Kabir's God is such a God and Master, who has no mother
or father. -----Bhagat Kabir, Raag Gauri, AGGS, Page, 338
ਗੋਤਮ ਨਾਰਿ ਉਮਾਪਤਿ ਸ੍ਵਾਮੀ ॥
ਸੀਸੁ ਧਰਨਿ ਸਹਸ ਭਗ ਗਾਂਮੀ ॥
Goṯam
nār umāpaṯ savāmī.Sīs ḏẖaran sahas bẖag gāʼnmī.
Gautama’s wife and the god Indra
mated; Shiva cut off Brahma's 5th head, being bewitched by the beauty of his
own daughter, Savitri, Brahma's head got stuck to Shiva's hand, and Indra came
to bear the marks of a thousand female organs.-----Ravidas, Raag Jaitsari,
AGGS, Page, 710-17
ਸੁਖ ਸਾਗਰੁ ਸੁਰਤਰ ਚਿੰਤਾਮਨਿ ਕਾਮਧੇਨੁ
ਬਸਿ ਜਾ ਕੇ ॥
ਚਾਰਿ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਅਸਟ ਦਸਾ ਸਿਧਿ ਨਵ ਨਿਧਿ
ਕਰ ਤਲ ਤਾ ਕੇ ॥੧॥
Sukẖ
sāgar surṯar cẖinṯāman kāmḏẖėn bas jā kė.
Cẖār paḏārath asat ḏasā siḏẖ nav niḏẖ kar ṯal ṯā ke.
God is the ocean of peace; the
miraculous tree of life, the wish-fulfilling jewel, and the Kamdheyn, the cow
which fulfills all desires, are in Its power. The four great blessings
(prosperity, goodness, success, salvation), the eighteen supernatural spiritual
powers of the Siddhas, and the nine treasures are all in the palm of Its hand. -----Ravidas, Raag Sorath, AGGS, Page, 658-13
Ten incarnations of Vishnu:
1.
The Hansa (Swan)
2.
Kach or Kurma (Tortoise)
3.
Mach or Matsya (Fish)
4.
Varaha (Boar)
5.
Narsing (Man-Lion)
6.
Vamana (Dwarf)
7.
Parashurama
8.
Rama
9.
Satvata
10. Kalki-to come at the end of Kaljug
Kamdheyn belonged to sages Vasishta and Jamadagni. She fulfilled all
wishes and created the host of warriors. Sage Durvasa gave a garland to god Indra,
who put it on his elephant, thus making the sage mad, who cursed Indra to lose
his power. Indra went to Vishnu for help, who advised that he should drink Amrita
to restore his strength to be produced by churning the milk ocean. This was
done by a truce between Ausras, Mountain, and Vasuki (Snake) and the following
14 precious things were obtained.
1.
Moon-taken
by Shiva.
2.
Elysian tree
(Parijata)-brought by Krishan Ji for his maid-Asa Di Vaar.
3.
Airvata, the elephant
taken by Indra
4.
Kamdheyn (Surabhi); the
wish-fulfilling cow given to 7 Rishies.
5.
Varuni-goddess of wine
called Sura-was drunk by gods.A
6.
Apsaras to live with
Gandharvas.
7.
White horse.
8.
Goddess Lakshmi was taken by
Vishnu as his consort.
9.
Conch shell took by
Vishnu.
10. Mace took by Vishnu.
11. A Jewel Kausthabha was taken by Vishnu.
12. Dhanwantari-author of Ayurvedic medicine.
13. Bowl of Amrita
14. A cup of poison.
According to Satta and Balwand in AGGS in their Vaar Ramkali eulogize Guru
Angad and Guru Amar Das with their spiritual power churned the Word of the Sabd
and extracted 14 jewels and one of these was Kamdheyn cow, and the other was
Elysian tree. But this miracle described by Satta and Balwand goes against
the principle of Sikh thought to be in line and surrendering to the Laws of
Mother Nature/God.
ਮਾਧਾਣਾ ਪਰਬਤੁ ਕਰਿ ਨੇਤ੍ਰਿ ਬਾਸਕੁ
ਸਬਦਿ ਰਿੜਕਿਓਨੁ ॥
ਚਉਦਹ ਰਤਨ ਨਿਕਾਲਿਅਨੁ ਕਰਿ ਆਵਾ ਗਉਣੁ
ਚਿਲਕਿਓਨੁ ॥
Māḏẖāṇā
parbaṯ kar naiṯar bāsak sabaḏ riṛki▫on. Cẖa▫oḏah raṯan nikāli▫an kar āvā ga▫oṇ
cẖilki▫on.
Guru Angad making the mountain his churning stick, and the
snake-king his churning string, He has churned the Word of the Sabd. From it,
He extracted the fourteen jewels and illuminated the world.
ਜਿਨਿ ਬਾਸਕੁ ਨੇਤ੍ਰੈ ਘਤਿਆ ਕਰਿ ਨੇਹੀ
ਤਾਣੁ ॥
ਜਿਨਿ ਸਮੁੰਦੁ ਵਿਰੋਲਿਆ ਕਰਿ ਮੇਰੁ
ਮਧਾਣੁ ॥
ਚਉਦਹ ਰਤਨ ਨਿਕਾਲਿਅਨੁ ਕੀਤੋਨੁ ਚਾਨਾਣੁ
॥
Jin
bāsak neṯrai gẖaṯi▫ā kar nehī ṯāṇ. Jin samunḏ viroli▫ā kar mer maḏẖāṇ. Cẖa▫oḏah
raṯan nikāli▫an kīṯon cẖānāṇ.
Guru Amar Das took the
thousand-headed serpent as his churning string with the force of devotional
love churned the ocean of the world with the churning stick, of Sumayr
Mountain and extracted the fourteen jewels, and brought forth the Divine Light.
-----Satta-Balwand, Raag Ramkali Ki Vaar, AGGS, Page, 967-12 and 968-2
ਸਭਿ ਨਿਧਾਨ ਦਸ ਅਸਟ ਸਿਧਾਨ
ਠਾਕੁਰ ਕਰ ਤਲ ਧਰਿਆ ॥
Sabẖ niḏẖān ḏas asat sidẖān ṯẖākur kar ṯal ḏẖari▫ā.
All the nine treasures and the eighteen
supernatural powers are held by our God and Master in the Palm of Its Hand.
-----Guru Arjun, Raag Gujri, AGGS, Page 10
Conclusion:
Finally Guru Nanak replaces the
mythology by Gurbani and selfless service of the humanity and performance of
good deeds:
ਬਾਣੀ ਬ੍ਰਹਮਾ ਬੇਦੁ ਅਥਰਬਣੁ ਕਰਣੀ
ਕੀਰਤਿ ਲਹਿਆ ॥
ਪਤਿ ਵਿਣੁ ਪੂਜਾ ਸਤ ਵਿਣੁ ਸੰਜਮੁ ਜਤ
ਵਿਣੁ ਕਾਹੇ ਜਨੇਊ ॥
ਨਾਵਹੁ ਧੋਵਹੁ ਤਿਲਕੁ ਚੜਾਵਹੁ ਸੁਚ
ਵਿਣੁ ਸੋਚ ਨ ਹੋਈ ॥੬॥
Baṇī
barahmā bėḏ atharbaṇ karṇī kīraṯ lahiā Paṯ viṇ pūjā saṯ viṇ sanjam jaṯ viṇ
kāhe jane▫ū. Nāvhu ḏẖovahu ṯilak cẖaṛāvahu sucẖ viṇ socẖ na ho▫ī.
The Guru's Sabds have
taken the place of Brahma's Vedas, and the singing of God’s Praises is good
deeds. Worship without faith; self-discipline without truthfulness; the ritual
of the sacred thread without chastity - what good are these? You may
bathe and wash, and apply a ritualistic tilak/
ਤਿਲਕ (mark)
to your forehead, but without inner purity, there is no understanding. -----Guru Nanak, Raag Ramkali, AGGS, Page, 903-2
IMHO Sabd Guru’s references to Hindu
mythology -- Mahabharata, Ramayana, 14 jewels produced by churning the milk
ocean as well as 10 incarnations of Vishnu- last/10th incarnation of Kalki will
occur at the end of Kaljug are metaphoric. AGGS’s teachings reject
idol worship, superstitions, miracles, bribing God by promises of various kinds
made by humans, and other irrelevant and unreasonable acts. Sikh Gurus advocated
rationality amongst people, asserting that Hindu gods could not find the limits
of God, could not get salvation because they were attached to Maya like other
humans. They performed immoral, lustful acts that are unacceptable to the human mind in search of ways to progress in spirituality.
Sabd Guru’s teachings revolve around
Truth, good deeds, and singing praises of God, through devotional love.
Only active participation of an individual, making an honest and sincere the effort to subjugate the lower instincts and to develop the higher instincts,
can lead to the individual spiritual enlightenment of the Divine knowledge. By
dying into the Word, one awakens to these teachings. He then has the
opportunity to reach a state of equipoise and tranquility of mind. This
is attaining Jeevan-Mukat, ਜੀਵਨ-ਮੁਕਤੁ, while alive, as per Sabd Guru:
ਸਬਦਿ ਮਰੈ ਤਾਂ ਏਕ ਲਿਵ ਲਾਏ ॥
ਅਚਰੁ ਚਰੈ ਤਾਂ ਭਰਮੁ ਚੁਕਾਏ ॥
ਜੀਵਨ ਮੁਕਤੁ ਮਨਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਵਸਾਏ ॥
Sabaḏ
marai ṯāʼn ėk liv lā¬ė, Acẖar cẖarai ṯāʼn bẖaram cẖukā¬ė,Jīvan mukaṯ man nām
vasā¬ė.
One, who dies in the Word of the Sabd, embraces love for the
One God. One, who eats the uneatable, has his doubts dispelled. He is Jivan
Mukta/ਜੀਵਨ ਮੁਕਤ
(liberated) while yet alive; the Naam abides in his mind. -----Guru Nanak, Raag
Asa, AGGS, Page, 412-17
ਸਹੰਸਰ ਦਾਨ ਦੇ ਇੰਦ੍ਰੁ ਰੋਆਇਆ ॥
ਪਰਸ ਰਾਮੁ ਰੋਵੈ ਘਰਿ ਆਇਆ ॥
Sahaʼnsar
ḏān ḏė inḏar roāiā.Paras rām rovai gẖar āiā.
Branded with a thousand marks
of disgrace, female organs, on his body, Indra cried in shame. Aras Ram
returned home crying. -----Guru Nanak, Vaar Raag Ramkali, AGGS, Page, 953-18
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